NEP-score thresholds predict survival of patients with bronchial carcinoids

Survival prognostic markers are extremely needed to better define therapeutic strategies in patients with bronchial carcinoids (BC). We aim to verify the applicability of the NEP-Score in a homogeneous BC cohort and identify a derivative prognostic marker, the NEP-Score at diagnosis (NEP-D) that does not consider new metastases during follow-up. Sixty-four patients (38 females, and 26 males, mean age at diagnosis 58.9 ± 1.7 years) with BC were retrospectively evaluated. NEP-Score was calculated at the end of follow-up (NEP-T). A derivative score, the NEP-Score at diagnosis (NEP-D) that does not consider new metastases during follow-up, was then assessed. Patients were subdivided according to their living status at the end of follow-up. A NEP-Score threshold was investigated to predict survival. Mean NEP-T and mean NEP-D were significantly lower in live patients at end of follow-up. A NEP-T cut-off >138 significantly predicts survival. Atypical BC relapsed more frequently than Typical BC. Male gender and previous malignancy were negative prognostic factors for survival. We confirmed NEP-Score applicability in BC and NEP-D utility, being the latter a simple, quick, and cheap prognostic score that can help clinicians in decision making. The identified NEP-D threshold can predict NEN aggressiveness and may be used to define the best personalized therapeutic strategy. In this context, a validation study is needed.